The Pyramid of Sahure, also known as the Pyramid of Neferirkare, is an ancient Egyptian pyramid located in Abusir, a necropolis in the vicinity of Cairo, Egypt. It is associated with Pharaoh Sahure, a ruler of the Fifth Dynasty, known for his pyramid-building activities. Here’s an overview of the Pyramid of Sahure:
Historical Background:
- Pharaoh Sahure: The pyramid is attributed to Pharaoh Sahure, who reigned during Egypt’s Fifth Dynasty, around 2458-2446 BCE. Sahure was one of the early rulers of the Fifth Dynasty and was known for his active pyramid construction campaigns.
Architectural Features:
- Size and Dimensions: The Pyramid of Sahure originally stood at approximately 47 meters (154 feet) in height. Its base measured about 78 meters (256 feet) on each side, making it relatively modest in size compared to some of the earlier pyramids.
- Pyramid Complex: Like other pyramids of its time, the Pyramid of Sahure was part of a larger complex. This complex included a valley temple, a causeway, and a mortuary temple. The mortuary temple was where rituals for the deceased pharaoh were conducted.
- Subsidiary Pyramids: Adjacent to the Pyramid of Sahure are several smaller pyramids, which are believed to be the burial places of high-ranking officials or members of the royal family. These are commonly referred to as queen’s or subsidiary pyramids.
Significance and Purpose:
- Burial Site: The primary function of the Pyramid of Sahure was to serve as a royal tomb. Inside the pyramid, there would have been a burial chamber that housed the pharaoh’s sarcophagus and funerary items, ensuring his journey to the afterlife.
- Religious and Funerary Practices: The mortuary complex associated with the pyramid played a crucial role in conducting religious and funerary rituals for the deceased pharaoh. These rituals were performed to ensure the pharaoh’s successful transition to the afterlife and his favor with the gods.
Exploration and Preservation:
- Archaeological Excavations: The Pyramid of Sahure has been the subject of archaeological research and excavations, providing insights into its construction, layout, and historical context.
- Preservation Efforts: Efforts have been made to protect and preserve the pyramid and its associated structures to prevent further deterioration.
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